Anisotropic networks and gels formed by photopolymerisation in the ferroelectric state

Anisotropic networks are obtained by in situ photopolymerisation of liquid crystal (LC) molecules with reactive end groups in the macroscopically orie nted state. Such cross-linked networks show high thermal stability and have passive electrical and optical applications. In situ polymerisation of LC reactive molecules in the presence of non-reactive LC molecules on the othe r hand leads to the formation of anisotropic gels. As opposed to the anisot ropic networks, gels can be switched under the influence of electric fields and can therefore be used in display applications. In this review, a short introduction will be given to the technique of in situ photopolymerisation and ferroelectricity in LC. Subsequently various properties and various ap plications of anisotropic gels and networks obtained in the ferroelectric s tate will be described.