Jf. Toth et Xh. Xu, Ethnic and cultural diversity in fathers' involvement - A racial/ethnic comparison of African American, hispanic, and white fathers, YOUTH SOC, 31(1), 1999, pp. 76-99
Using national-level data, this analysis examines American fathers' partici
pation in three domains of child rearing for children aged 5 to 18 years. F
ocus is placed on the extent to which participation varies by race or ethni
city, gender and family ideologies, and the interaction between these facto
rs. Results show that minority fathers consistently outperform White father
s in the cognitive domain. Findings also show that fathers' involvement is
a function of an interplay between race or ethnicity and cultural ideologie
s.