The thermal stress induced by temperature difference in the tube-sheet of h
eat transfer equipment was studied in the paper. Finite element method (FEM
) was used to compute the temperature and the stress fields. The effect of
the tube-sheer thickness on the thermal stress has been discussed in terms
of the results by FEM. Some measures to reduce or eliminate the thermal str
ess in the tube sheet are suggested. A new design of the structure of the f
lexible tube sheet was proposed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights
reserved.