Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of waxes from milk fat and oleyl alcohol

A screening of five lipases was carried out for the synthesis of wax esters from stoichiometric amounts of oleyl alcohol and milk fat in which long-ch ain fatty acid content (myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and ole ic acid) represents 70% of the total fatty acid fraction. The lipases from Alcaligenes sp. and Chromobacterium viscosum both allowed for the best este r synthesis (around 60%) within 2 and 48 h, respectively. Enzeco(R) Lipase Concentrate gave 30% ester yield within only 2 h. During the time-period of 166 h, less than 20% ester synthesis was obtained with Lipozyme(TM) 10,000 L whereas Enzeco(R) Lipase XX did not catalyze the reaction. Owing to comme rcial availability, the food-grade Enzeco(R) Lipase Concentrate preparation was selected for further experiments with a view to improve wax synthesis. Wax yields were compared for three substrate molar ratios, i.e., 0.5:1, 1: 1, and 1.5:1 (alcohol/fatty acid). For 0.5:1 and 1.5:1 substrate molar rati os, the addition of water increased ester yields while the effect of silica gel addition was shown to be minor, The best improvement was obtained at a substrate molar ratio of 1.5:1 with addition of water, leading to 59% wax ester synthesis.