Zeolite catalysis of aromatic nitrations with dinitrogen pentoxide

The reactions of 2-nitrotoluene, 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene, and 1-chloro-4-ni trobenzene with dinitrogen pentoxide in dichloromethane at 0 degrees C are strongly catalysed by some zeolites notably H-Faujasite-720, catalysis by w hich is investigated in detail. Yields of the nitrated aromatics are near-q uantitative. In the first two substrates nitration occurs more regioselecti vely at the 4-position compared to the uncatalysed reaction. The reaction o f 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene shows a kinetic form which is close to first-orde r with a rate-constant independent of the concentration of N2O5 and proport ional to the mass of zeolite. Initial addition of the major product, 1-chlo ro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, causes rate-inhibition. Mechanisms are discussed.