Anticonflict effects of plant-derived essential oils

The present study examined the pharmacological actions of four different pl ant-derived essential oils (rose, ylang-ylang, camomile, orange) in two typ es of conflict tests using ICR mice. In the Vogel conflict test, in which a ny drinking behavior of the mice was punished by an electric shock, the ben zodiazepine agonist, diazepam (DZ), increased the number of electric shocks the mice received. This number increased after administration of rose oil. In contrast, ylang-ylang, camomile, and orange oil did not produce such an effect in this test. In the Geller conflict test where lever-pressing of m ice was reinforced by food pellets and then punished by electric shock, res ponse (lever-pressing) rate during the alarm period was increased as well b y the positive control drug, DZ. Similarly, the response rate during the al arm period increased after administration of rose oil. Here as well, ylang- ylang, camomile, and orange oils did not produce an anticonflict effect. In the Vogel conflict test, the anticonflict effect of DZ was reversed by the benzodiazepine antagonist, flumazenil (Ro15-1788) (FL). However, the effec t of rose oil in this test was not antagonized by FL. The present study sho wed that rose oil possesses anticonflict effects, and that the effects are not mediated by the benzodiazepine binding site of the GABAA receptor compl ex. Such pharmacological actions may at least partially account for human b ehavioral effects attributed to essential oils. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science I nc.