Study objective: To test the hypothesis that acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR
) promotes neurologic recovery from experimental focal cerebral ischem
ia (stroke) in rats. Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized,
blinded study in which adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected t
o coagulative occlusion of the distal right middle cerebral artery (MC
A) and temporary occlusion of both common carotid arteries (CCAs) for
60 minutes. After the onset of ischemia each rat was given ALCAR (200
mg/kg) or a similar volume of drug vehicle. Neurologic evaluation was
performed on postoperative days 1,2, 3, and 7. Postoperative weight lo
ss was measured at day 7. Infarct volume was measured in separate grou
ps of rats at 24 hours. Results: Neurologic outcomes, as assessed with
an 11-point neurologic deficit scoring system, were significantly imp
roved in ALCAR-treated rats on days 1,2, and 3 (P<.05). Improvement ap
proached significance on day 7. Rats treated with ALCAR also demonstra
ted significantly less weight loss on day 7 compared with the vehicle-
treated controls, We detected no differences, however, in infarct volu
mes measured between treatment groups. Conclusion: Although we noted n
o differences in infarct volume, postischemic treatment with ALCAR did
improve early clinical recovery and prevented significant weight loss
in this rat model of focal cerebral ischemia.