External coaptation

The methods of fracture management may include internal fixation, external skeletal fixation, and external coaptation. The goals of the management of any fracture should be anatomical reduction, preservation of soft tissues, prevention of fracture disease, and early return to full limb function.(4) Treatment of fractures based on the AO/ASIF principles of rigid internal fi xation has replaced external coaptation as the primary method of fracture r epair. The advantages of appropriate external coaptation are minimal disrup tion of the fracture environment, no implants at the fracture site, and a d ecreased opportunity for infection. Inappropriate use of external coaptatio n can lead to delayed union, nonunion, malunion, fracture disease, and rela ted contractures.(13) There are a number of articles and book chapters that address the method of application; the focus of this article is to review the principles, indications, and complications of external coaptation.