S. Rahmstorf et A. Ganopolski, Long-term global warming scenarios computed with an efficient coupled climate model, CLIM CHANGE, 43(2), 1999, pp. 353-367
We present global warming scenarios computed with an intermediate-complexit
y atmosphere-ocean-sea ice model which has been extensively validated for a
range of past climates (e.g., the Last Glacial Maximum). Our simulations e
xtend to the year 3000, beyond the expected peak of CO2 concentrations. The
thermohaline ocean circulation declines strongly in all our scenarios over
the next 50 years due to a thermal effect. Changes in the hydrological cyc
le determine whether the circulation recovers or collapses in the long run.
Both outcomes are possible within present uncertainty limits. In case of a
collapse, a substantial long-lasting cooling over the North Atlantic and a
drying of Europe is simulated.