Five patients who experienced migrainelike attacks associated with electroc
onvulsive therapy (ECT) were treated using a novel nonpharmacologic therapy
known as percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS). In this sham-co
ntrolled preliminary evaluation, PENS therapy proved to be a useful alterna
tive to opioid analgesics for the acute treatment and/or prevention of ECT-
induced headache.