Current and future management of infections due to methicillin-resistant staphylococci infections: the role of quinupristin/dalfopristin

The rise in the number of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria that h as occurred in recent years has resulted in the development of infections t hat are difficult to treat, and also in severely restricted treatment optio ns. In particular, the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus au reus (MRSA) has increased, with strains shown to cause up to 21% of skin in fections and 59.6% of nosocomial pneumonia. Recently, strains of S. aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin (glycopeptide-intermediate S. aur eus or GISA) are causing great concern, particularly as vancomycin has been the agent of choice in the treatment of infection caused by MRSA. GISA has been identified in Japan, the USA and Europe. New agents that have anti-MR SA activity are now being investigated. These include the novel streptogram in, quinupristin/dalfopristin. This report examines the activity of quinupr istin/dalfopristin against strains of S. aureus and coagulase-negative stap hylococci, including multidrug-resistant MRSA and GISA.