We characterise all non-degenerate homomorphisms from the multiplicative se
migroup of all 2 x 2 matrices over an arbitrary field to the semigroup of 3
x 3 matrices over the same field. In the case of a field of real numbers e
very irreducible non-degenerate homomorphism is a conjugation of the symmet
ric square. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.