P. Figueroa et al., The gene for mitochondrial ribosomal protein S14 has been transferred to the nucleus in Arabidopsis thaliana, MOL G GENET, 262(1), 1999, pp. 139-144
The transfer of genetic information from the mitochondrion to the nucleus i
s thought to be still underway in higher plants. The mitochondrial genome o
f Arabidopsis thaliana contains only one rps14 pseudogene. In this paper we
show that the functional gene encoding mitochondrial ribosomal protein S14
has been translocated to the nucleus. This gene transfer is a recent evolu
tionary event, which occurred within Cruciferae, probably after the diverge
nce of Arabidopsis and Brassica napus. A 5' extension of the rps14 reading
frame encodes a presequence which, in vitro, targets the polypeptide to iso
lated mitochondria and is cleaved off during or after import. No intron was
found at the junction of the targeting presequence with the mitochondriall
y derived sequence, which are directly connected. By contrast, a 90-bp intr
on, which is removed by splicing to give a mature poly(A)(+) mRNA of 0.9 kb
, is located in the 3' non-coding region. To our knowledge, this is the fir
st report of an intron in such a position in a functional transferred gene
in higher plants, and suggests that exon shuffling may have been involved i
n the acquisition of elements necessary for expression in the nucleus. Puta
tive roles of this intron in polyadenylation and enhancement of gene expres
sion are discussed.