Rigorous solutions of light scattering of neighboring TiO2 particles in nanocrystalline films

Light scattering of neighboring TiO2 particles in nanocrystalline films pen etrated by electrolytes is examined based on rigorous solutions of the T-ma trix method. Scattering efficiencies are improved by agglomeration of much larger particles than the nanocrystalline particles. A cluster of relativel y small particles among the large particles effectively scatters every inci dent light because of symmetrical scattering. On the other hand, the improv ement of scattering efficiencies with clusters of particles as large as the maximum efficiency is ascribed to significant forward scattering. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.