Perinatal outcome in grand and great-grand multiparity: Effects of parity on obstetric risk factors

OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare obstetric and neonatal complications among great-grand multiparous, grand multiparous, and multiparous women. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred thirty-three great-grand multiparas, 314 grand mu ltiparas, and 2195 multiparas who were delivered of their infants between 1 988 and 1998 were selected for the study. To facilitate comparison, the pat ients were all >35 years old and had similar socioeconomic characteristics. RESULTS: The incidence of malpresentation at the time of delivery, maternal obesity, anemia, preterm delivery, and meconium-stained amniotic fluid inc reased with higher parity, whereas the rate of excessive weight gain and ce sarean delivery decreased. Compared with grand multiparas, great-grand mult iparas had significantly elevated risks for abnormal amounts of amniotic fl uid, abruptio placentae, neonatal tachypnea, and malformations but lower ra tes of placenta previa (P < .05). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, p reeclampsia, placenta previa, macrosomia, postdate pregnancy, and low Apgar scores was significantly higher in grand multiparas than in multiparas, wh ereas the proportion of induction, forceps delivery, and total labor compli cations was significantly lower than in the multiparous group (P < .05). Si milar frequency of maternal diabetes, infection, uterine wall scar rupture, variations in fetal heart rate, fetal death, and neonatal mortality was fo und in the 3 groups. CONCLUSION: Both high-parity groups have their own risk factors, but the ra te or some complications decreases with higher parity. In addition, perinat al mortality remains low in these patients, and therefore, under satisfacto ry socioeconomic and health care conditions, high parity should not be cons idered dangerous.