Allozyme and mitochondrial DNA variation describe ecologically important genetic structure of even-year pink salmon inhabiting Prince William Sound, Alaska

Allozyme and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) data were obtained from pink salmon throughout Prince William Sound, Alaska, from two hatchery, five upstream, and 20 tidal locations distributed among five management regions collected during 1994. Screening for allozymes included 66 loci for 92 to 100 fish pe r sample. Thirty-four loci had variant allele frequencies >0.01 in one or m ore collections and were used for population analyses. Eight haplotypes wer e detected after screening 40 fish per collection for variation at the ND5/ ND6 region of mtDNA using six restriction enzymes. Significant and apparent ly stable differences detected by both data sets permit rejecting a null hy pothesis of panmixia and support managing native populations in Prince Will iam Sound at the regional level. Distinctions between upstream and tidal co llections were detected within Lagoon Creek (allozymes) and Koppen Creek (m tDNA). Significant regional heterogeneity was detected within upstream (all ozymes and mtDNA) and tidal (allozymes) collections; however, upstream coll ections were more divergent from each other than were tidal collections. Th e absence of distinction of Armin F. Koernig Hatchery from almost all regio ns was consistent with multiple origins of this stock. Conversely Solomon G ulch Hatchery in the East Region was distinct from all regions but East, co nsistent with a more restricted origin and influence.