Jg. Goode et al., Trace gas emissions from laboratory biomass fires measured by open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: Fires in grass and surface fuels, J GEO RES-A, 104(D17), 1999, pp. 21237-21245
The trace gas emissions from six biomass fires, including three grass fires
, were measured using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer coup
led to an open-path, multipass cell (OP-FTIR). The quantified emissions con
sisted of carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, water vapor, carbon monoxide, metha
ne, ammonia, ethylene, acetylene, isobutene, methanol, acetic acid, formic
acid, formaldehyde, and hydroxyacetaldehyde. By including grass fires in th
is study we have now measured smoke composition from fires in each major ve
getation class. The emission ratios of the oxygenated compounds, formaldehy
de, methanol, and acetic acid, were 1-2% of CO in the grass fires, similar
to our other laboratory and field measurements but significantly higher tha
n in some other studies. These oxygenated compounds are important, as they
affect O-3 and HOx chemistry in both biomass fire plumes and the free tropo
sphere. The OP-FTIR data and the simultaneously collected canister data ind
icated that the dominant C-4 emission was isobutene (C4H8) and not 1-butene
. The rate constant for the reaction of isobutene with the OH radical is 60
% larger than that of 1-butene. We estimate that 67 +/- 9% of the fuel nitr
ogen was volatilized with the major nitrogen emissions, ammonia, and nitric
oxide, accounting for 22 +/- 8%.