10-YEAR CLINICAL, DEVELOPMENTAL, AND INTELLECTUAL FOLLOW-UP OF CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-INFECTION WITHOUT NEUROLOGIC SYMPTOMS AT ONE-YEAR OF AGE
Sa. Ivarsson et al., 10-YEAR CLINICAL, DEVELOPMENTAL, AND INTELLECTUAL FOLLOW-UP OF CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-INFECTION WITHOUT NEUROLOGIC SYMPTOMS AT ONE-YEAR OF AGE, Pediatrics, 99(6), 1997, pp. 800-803
Objective. This study was undertaken to ascertain whether children wit
h congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection at birth, but without neu
rologic symptoms at 1 year of age, differed in somatic, neurologic, de
velopmental, or intellectual status from matched control children at l
ong-term follow-up. Material and Methods. Congenital CMV infection, as
demonstrated by isolation of the virus within the first week of life,
was diagnosed in 44 (0.5%) of 9806 infants. From this basic CMV-infec
ted population, children who developed neurologic disturbances includi
ng sensorineural deafness before 1 year of age were excluded (n = 7),
as were those unwilling to participate (n = 2). Congenitally infected
infants (n = 35) and matched control infants (n = 53) were followed up
clinically and neurologically. At 21 months, development was assessed
with the Griffiths' Developmental Scale and at 7 years of age neurolo
gic status was assessed with the Stott test and intellectual developme
nt with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Results. As repo
rted previously, 18% (8/44) of the CMV-infected infants manifested sym
ptoms at birth, as compared to 8% (4/53) in the control group. In the
congenital CMV group 7% (2/30) children tested had abnormal Stott test
results, as compared to 2% (1/43) in the control group. Thirty-two CM
V-infected and 51 control group children were assessed with the Griffi
ths' scale at 21 months of age. The two groups did not differ signific
antly, either in mean scores (6.3 +/- 2.3 vs 6.1 +/- 1.9) or in the pr
oportion of children with scores below normal (19% [6/32] vs 16% [8/51
]). Twenty-five CMV-infected and 41 control group children were assess
ed with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children at 7 years of age
(median 86 months; range, 82 to 90 and 82 to 91, respectively). The t
wo groups did not differ significantly, either in mean scores (5.8 +/-
2.0 vs 6.4 +/- 1.6) or in the proportion of children with scores belo
w normal (12% [3/25] vs 5% [2/41]). Conclusion. Children with congenit
al CMV infection are unlikely to be at an increased risk of subsequent
neurodevelopmental or intellectual impairment if they show normal dev
elopment at 12 months of age.