Osteoarthritic cartilage loses its ability to remain avascular

Objective: To determine whether human osteoarthritic (OA) cartilage loses i ts ability to remain avascular when placed into the in-vivo model of angiog enesis, the chick embryo chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM), and to determine specific changes that occur in the cartilage matrix when the cartilage is e xposed to an active vasculature. Design: Articular cartilage from GA and non-GA joints was grafted onto the CAM for up to 5 days before fixing and processing for histological, histoch emical and immunological examination for specific changes in proteoglycan a nd collagen. Results: OA cartilage, but not non-GA cartilage, showed invasion of its mat rix by blood vessels from the CAM to various extents. Associated with these blood vessels was a loss of staining for proteoglycans and cartilage speci fic glycosaminoglycans (GAG). A deposition of collagen types I and X was al so visualized around the invasive vessels. Conclusions: OA cartilage loses or has already lost its ability to remain a vascular when placed onto the chick CAM. Changes occur in the matrix around the invasive blood vessels, specifically a loss of proteoglycan and GAG, a nd the deposition of new collagen types, notably I and X. (C) 1999 OsteoArt hritis Research Society International.