Seasonal changes in leaf water characteristics of Eucalyptus tetrodonta and Terminalia ferdinandiana saplings in a northern Australian savanna

The monsoonal areas of northern Australia experience extreme seasonal varia tions in rainfall, with an annual dry season of 7 months or more. Seasonal changes in leaf water relations were investigated for saplings of two tree species common in northern Australian savannas: Eucalyptus tetrodonta F.Mue ll, an evergreen, and Terminalia ferdinandiana Excell, which is deciduous. Saplings may experience more severe water stress than mature trees because their root systems are less extensive. This study found a positive correlat ion between pre-dawn leaf water potential and tree height during the dry se ason, but not during the wet season, for both E. tetrodonta and T. ferdinan diana trees. Pressure-volume curves were constructed for leaves of E. tetro donta saplings at 2-monthly intervals throughout the year. Osmotic potentia l at full turgor decreased from a maximum of -1.33 MPa in February (wet sea son) to -2.25 MPa in October (late dry season), then increased to an interm ediate value of -1.71 MPa in December (early wet season). Leaves of T. ferd inandiana saplings were compared in February (wet season) and April (end of wet season; before leaf senescence). Osmotic potential at full turgor decr eased from -1.18 MPa in February to -1.39 MPa in April. The capacity for tu rgor maintenance was larger for E. tetrodonta than for T. ferdinandiana, wi th osmotic potential at full turgor and the turgor loss point, relative wat er content at the turgor loss point and the ratio of turgid weight to dry w eight all lower in E. tetrodonta.