Atypical chronic myelogenous leukemia following immunosuppressive therapy for severe aplastic anemia

Late clonal complications of aplastic anemia (AA) such as acute leukemia, m yelodysplastic syndromes or paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria have been r ecognized for a long time. To our knowledge, chronic myelogenous leukemia ( CML) as a late complication of severe aplastic anemia has as yet not been r eported. We report here a case of AA treated successfully with antilymphocy tic globulin and cyclosporin in whom Ph-1 negative, BCR/ABL negative CML de veloped 8 years after diagnosis of AA. This case of atypical, secondary CML was refractory to treatment with interferon a and hydroxyurea.