The question is examined, whether the formally straightforward extension of
Hooke's time-honoured stress-strain relation to the four dimensions of spe
cial and of general relativity can make physical sense. The four-dimensiona
l Hooke law is found able to account for the inertia of matter; in the flat
-space, slow-motion approximation the field equations for the "displacement
" four-vector field Ei can encompass both linear elasticity and inertia. In
this limit one just recovers the equations of motion of the classical theo
ry of elasticity.