Complex symplectic spaces, and their Lagrangian subspaces, are defined in a
ccord with motivations from Lagrangian classical dynamics and from linear o
rdinary differential operators; and then their basic algebraic properties a
re established. After these purely algebraic developments, an Appendix pres
ents a related new result on the theory of self-adjoint operators in Hilber
t spaces, and this provides an important application of the principal theor
ems.