Cognitive bias in eating disorders: Implications for theory and treatment

Research testing the predictions of cognitive-behavioral theory related to the psychopathology of eating disorders has lagged behind treatment outcome research. Central to cognitive theories of eating disorders is the hypothe sis that beliefs and expectancies pertaining to body size and to eating are biased in favor of selectively processing information related to fatness/t hinness, dieting, and control of food intake or body weight. In recent year s, controlled investigations of the predictions of cognitive theories of ea ting disorders have yielded empirical support for these theories. This pape r reviews research which has tested the predictions of cognitive-behavioral theory and discusses the implications of these findings for the treatment of eating disorders. Understanding of information processing biases may ass ist the clinician in understanding a range of psychopathological features o f anorexia and bulimia nervosa, including denial, resistance to treatment, and misinterpretation of therapeutic interventions.