Purpose. To report a case of corneal infection with Chrysosporium parvum, a
filamentous fungus usually associated with pulmonary infections. Methods.
A 43-year-old Saudi man had a corneal stromal infiltrate and perforation of
his left eye. He was treated with a therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty a
nd topical and systemic antifungal therapy. Corneal scrapings, microbiologi
c evaluation, and histopathologic examination of the surgical specimen were
performed to establish the diagnosis. After the development of recurrent s
tromal keratitis at the graft-host junction, similar diagnostic and therape
utic maneuvers were performed. Results. Corneal scrapings and histopatholog
ic examination were positive for numerous septate hyphae with endospores, c
onsistent with a diagnosis of filamentous keratomycosis. Microbiologic isol
ation confirmed the diagnosis of Chrysosporium parvum. Similar diagnostic m
aneuvers for recurrent keratitis produced identical results. Conclusion. To
our knowledge, this is the first case of Chrysosporium parvum keratomycosi
s.