Chrysosporium parvum keratomycosis

Purpose. To report a case of corneal infection with Chrysosporium parvum, a filamentous fungus usually associated with pulmonary infections. Methods. A 43-year-old Saudi man had a corneal stromal infiltrate and perforation of his left eye. He was treated with a therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty a nd topical and systemic antifungal therapy. Corneal scrapings, microbiologi c evaluation, and histopathologic examination of the surgical specimen were performed to establish the diagnosis. After the development of recurrent s tromal keratitis at the graft-host junction, similar diagnostic and therape utic maneuvers were performed. Results. Corneal scrapings and histopatholog ic examination were positive for numerous septate hyphae with endospores, c onsistent with a diagnosis of filamentous keratomycosis. Microbiologic isol ation confirmed the diagnosis of Chrysosporium parvum. Similar diagnostic m aneuvers for recurrent keratitis produced identical results. Conclusion. To our knowledge, this is the first case of Chrysosporium parvum keratomycosi s.