Adaptive finite element computations of complex flows

Recent efforts to develop and apply adaptive finite element techniques for solving complex flow problems are reviewed. The emphasis is not on new meth ods but on how to use existing methods to achieve accurate predictions. Var ious sources of errors, and means of detecting them, are discussed. The aim is to identify various sources of errors and their effects on adaptivity. For simplicity and clarity, examples are taken from steady state two-dimens ional flow problems. The paper discusses the use of adaptive techniques for achieving grid-independent solutions. Wherever possible predictions are co mpared with measurements. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.