Final results of the STent versus directional coronary Atherectomy Randomized Trial (START)

OBJECTIVES This study was designed to compare primary stenting with optimal directional coronary atherectomy (DCA). BACKGROUND No previous prospective randomized trial comparing stenting and DCA has been performed. METHODS One hundred and twenty-two lesions suitable for both Palmaz-Schatz stenting and DCA were randomly assigned to stent (62 lesions) or DCA (60 le sions)arm. Single or multiple stents were implanted with high-pressure dila tion in the stent arm. Aggressive debulking using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) was performed in the DCA arm. Serial quantitative angiography and IV US were performed preprocedure, postprocedure and at six months. The primar y end point was restenosis, defined as greater than or equal to 50% diamete r stenosis at six months. Clinical event rates at one year were also assess ed. RESULTS Baseline characteristics were similar. Procedural success was achie ved in all lesions. Although the postprocedural lumen diameter was similar (2.79 vs. 2.90 mm, stent vs. DCA), the follow-up lumen diameter was signifi cantly smaller (1.89 vs. 2.18 mm; p = 0.023) in the stent arm. The IVUS rev ealed that intimal proliferation was significantly larger in the stent arm than in the DCA arm (3.1 vs. 1.1 mm(2); p < 0.0001), which accounted for th e significantly smaller follow-up lumen area of the stent arm (5.3 vs. 7.0 mm(2) p = 0.030). Restenosis was significantly lower (32.8% vs. 15.8%; p = 0.032), and target vessel failure at one year tended to be lower in the DCA arm (33.9% vs. 18.3%; p = 0.056). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that aggressive DCA may provide superior angiographic and clinical outcomes to primary stenting. (J Am Coil Cardiol 1999;34:1050-7) (C) 1999 by the American College of Cardiology.