Mucosal delivery of vaccines

Oral delivery represents one of the most pursued approaches for large-scale human vaccination. Due to the different characteristics of mucosal immune response, as compared with systemic response, oral immunization requires pa rticular methods of antigen preparation and selective strategies of adjuvan ticity. In this paper, we describe the preparation and use of genetically d etoxified bacterial toxins as mucosal adjuvants and envisage the possibilit y of their future exploitation for human oral vaccines. (C) 1999 Academic P ress.