Osteoinductive growth factors in preclinical fracture and long bone defects models

Fracture healing is a specialized form of the reparative process that the m usculoskeletal system undergoes to restore skeletal integrity. This biologi c process is a consequence of a complex cascade of biologic events that res ult in the restoration of bone tissue, allowing for the resumption of muscu loskeletal function. Several growth-promoting substances have been identifi ed at the site of skeletal injury and appear to play a physiologic role in fracture healing. This article reviews the effects of these osteoinductive growth factors on bone healing as elucidated by both preclinical in vivo fr acture and diaphyseal defect healing models.