Clinical features and treatment interventions for human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurologic disease in children

HIV-1 infection in children and adolescents can cause progressive neurologi c disease, affective brain growth, motor function, and neurodevelopment, In addition, myelopathies, neuropathies, myopathies, strokes, and psychiatric or behavioral manifestations can be a result of HIV-1 infection, OI, or to xicities of treatment interventions. CNS OI are important causes of morbidi ty and mortality, often mimicking the HIV-1 associated neurologic syndromes . Psychometric, clinical, neuroradiologic, and laboratory testing are valua ble for diagnostic and treatment decisions. The cornerstone of treating HIV -1-associated neurologic disease is providing an effective regimen of antir etroviral drugs to reduce the viral burden. It is also necessary to provide rehabilitation, optimize nutrition, supply appropriate antimicrobial proph ylaxis against OI, minimize pain, and treat neurobehavioral or psychiatric complications. Efforts at preventing HIV-1 infection are important for dimi nishing and allaying the growth of this international pandemic.