Ascites and pleural effusion secondary to extramedullary hematopoiesis

Extramedullary hematopoiesis in the pleura and peritoneum is rare. It is us ually asymptomatic and generally is diagnosed on post mortem examination. H erein we describe a 33-year-old woman with longstanding myelofibrosis who p resented with symptomatic ascites and pleural effusion. After complete eval uation, these were found to have been caused by extramedullary hematopoieti c implants to the pleura and peritoneum. The pleural effusion responded to low-dose radiotherapy.