Evaluation of cardiac functions in patients with thalassemia major

It is known that a blood transfusion is necessary for survival in patients with thalassemia, but it may cause myocardial dysfunction due to myocardial siderosis as in other organs. The aim of this study was to evaluate myocar dial perfusion by means of stress thallium scanning (MPS) and left ventricu lar functions by rest radionuclide ventriculography (RNV). Twenty-one patients at ages 9-16 (mean 12.1 +/- 3.2) who have been diagnose d with thalassemia for 4-15 years (mean 12.7 +/- 4.8) were included in the study. They had blood transfusions 78-318 times (mean 162.1 +/- 71). MPS an d RNV was performed within two days after the any transfusion. MPS showed ischemia in 3 patients and normal perfusion in 18 patients. RNV revealed normal systolic parameters (wall motion, EF, PER, TPE) but diminis hed diastolic parameters (TPF, PFR) compared with normal values (p < 0.05). We conclude that ischemia or fixed defects may he seen in stress MPS as a r esult of cardiac involvement in patients with thalassemia. But, RNV is an i mportant and preferable test for the early detection of subclinic cardiomyo pathy. RNV may therefore show diastolic abnormalities before the systolic a bnormalities show up.