A multivariate analysis of prognostic indicators in complete hydatidiform moles (CHM)

Objective: To analyse prognostic factors in complete hydatidiform moles usi ng multiple logistic regression analysis. Methods: Evaluation of host and t umour related parameters including (a) gestational age, patient age, parity , molar phenotype, grade of proliferation of the tumour and cytological aty pia, (b) expression of beta-HCG, EGF, EGFR, TGF-alpha, TGF-beta, IL1-alpha, IL1-beta by immunohistochemistry, (c) serial monitoring of serum beta-HCG levels by ELISA, and (d) lectin binding using jack fruit lectin histochemis try as indices for persisting trophoblastic disease (PTD). Results: Serum b eta-HCG levels at 4 weeks, cellular atypia, lectin binding, expression of T GF-alpha and IL1-beta showed highly significant correlation with persistenc e of the tumour (P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity at 4 weeks in co mbination with cytological atypia to identify spontaneously regressing lesi ons was 100% and those requiring chemotherapeutic intervention was 80%. Con clusion: The concentration of serum beta-HCG 4 weeks post evacuation (<300 mIU/ml) combined with cytological abnormalities could identify nearly 100% of the spontaneously regressing lesions (low risk) and 80% of those needing chemotherapeutic intervention (high risk), thereby suggesting that patient s who have a serum P-HCG at 4 weeks of evacuation <300 mIU/ml with no cytol ogical atypia of the trophoblasts need only be followed up at long interval s, while those having a serum beta-HCG at 4 weeks of evacuation >300 mIU/ml accompanied with cytological atypia of the trophoblasts should be closely followed up. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.