A 128 x 128-pixel artificial retina LSI with two-dimensional filtering functions

Our artificial retina LSI executes image convolution on the focal plane wit h programmable 5 x 5 kernels consisting of the weight values of +1, 0 and - 1 for each element. This function is realized by simultaneous access to 5 x 5 pixels, and by employing interpixel cut-rent-mode calculations. Each pix el of the fabricated 128 x 128-pixel artificial retina LSI is 60 x 60 mu m( 2) with a 14.5% fill factor in a 0.8 mu m complementary metal-oxide-semicon ductor (CMOS) process. We demonstrate image capture with some kernel patter ns representing normal image sensing, edge extraction, edge enhancement and orientation extraction.