Effect of beta-chemokines on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication, binding, uncoating, and CCR5 receptor expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages
Y. Jiang et Pe. Jolly, Effect of beta-chemokines on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication, binding, uncoating, and CCR5 receptor expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages, J HUMAN VIR, 2(3), 1999, pp. 123-132
Objectives: We examined the effect and time of addition of beta-chemokines
on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication, binding, and un
coating in human macrophages and measured CCR5 receptor expression during v
irus binding and uncoating.
Methods: Macrophages were treated with beta-chemokines before infection, at
infection, or postinfection, and virus replication was determined by p24 a
ntigen level. Binding and uncoating of (35)[S]-methionine-labeled HIV-1 was
measured. CCR5 expression was determined by flow cytometry.
Results: The beta-chemokines potently inhibited virus replication. The stro
ngest inhibition occurred when cultures were pretreated and maintained with
beta-chemokines. beta-Chemokines also caused strong inhibition of viral un
coating and a considerable decrease in CCR5 expression during uncoating.
Conclusions: CCR5 receptors appear to be internalized and recycled to the c
ell surfaces during HIV entry. The downregulation of CCR5 expression by bet
a-chemokines during virus uncoating probably accounts for the reduction in
virus uncoating (entry) and hence in virus replication.