Ecological analysis of ethnic differences in relation between tuberculosisand poverty

Objective To examine the effect of ethnicity on the relation between tuberc ulosis and deprivation. Design Retrospective ecological study comparing incidence of tuberculosis i n white and south Asian residents of the 39 electoral wards in Birmingham w ith ethnic specific indices of deprivation. Setting Birmingham, 1989-93. Subjects 1516 notified cases of tuberculosis. Main outcome measures Rates of tuberculosis and measures of deprivation. Results Univariate analysis showed significant associations of tuberculosis rates for the whole population with several indices of deprivation (P < 0. 01) and with the proportion of the population of south Asian origin (P < 0. 01). All deprivation covariates were positively associated with each other but on multiple regression, higher level of overcrowding was independently associated with tuberculosis rates. For the white population, overcrowding was associated with tuberculosis rates independently of ether variables (P = 0.0036). No relation with deprivation was found for the south Asian popul ation in either single or multivariable analyses. Conclusions Poverty is significantly associated with tuberculosis in the wh ite population, but no such relation exists far those of Asian ethnicity. T hese findings suggest that causal factors, and therefore potential interven tions, will also differ by ethnic group.