Pediatric ophthalmologists should respond to quality expectations inherent
in all disciplines of medicine. The specialists must be able to collect dat
a to document and prove the quality of their work if it anticipates continu
ed reimbursement for services. Quality of medical practice is assessed by o
utcomes research, which is different from clinical research. All specialist
s are systemically measuring individual and group outcomes across the spect
rum of American health care systems. Pediatric ophthalmologists, both in pr
ivate practice and at academic centers, must concentrate their research eff
orts on the assessment of cost, quality, utilization, and patient-centered
health-related quality of life for the most common pathologies in pediatric
ophthalmology practice.