In this study, we examined yeast proteins by two-dimensional (2D) gel elect
rophoresis and gathered quantitative information from about 1,400 spots. We
found that there is an enormous range of protein abundance and, for identi
fied spots, a good correlation between protein abundance, mRNA abundance, a
nd codon bias. For each molecule of well-translated mRNA, there were about
4,000 molecules of protein. The relative abundance of proteins was measured
in glucose and ethanol media. Protein turnover was examined and found to b
e insignificant for abundant proteins. Some phosphoproteins were identified
. The behavior of proteins in differential centrifugation experiments was e
xamined. Such experiments with 2D gels can give a global view of the yeast
proteome.