The authors reply here to comments made by Drs. McClearn and Festing about
the strengths and weaknesses of nonstandard mouse models in experimental ge
rontology, stressing once again the trade-off between internal and external
validity. Although the use of genetically isogenic mice may, in some cases
, minimize experimental costs by diminishing variance among individuals, re
liance on a small number of inbred, long-domesticated stocks diminishes the
external validity of a research program, i.e., the degree to which its con
clusions give insights into questions of greater biological interest than t
he behavior of a single genotype. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights
reserved.