Response of chloroplast structure to photodynamic herbicides and high oxygen

Response of chloroplast on the structural level to photodynamic herbicides and high oxygen concentration was compared with symptoms of chloroplast sen escence. Based on the present results and those known from the literature a general pattern of response was proposed: the action of most of environmen tal factors induces the oxidative stress and often gives similar symptoms o f structural damage and dysfunctions independent of the primary stressing f actor. These alterations consist mostly in swelling of thylakoids, disrupti on of chloroplast membranes, intensive plastoglobuli accumulation, photodes truction of pigments and inhibition of photosynthesis.