Variation of mitochondrial control region sequences in three crane species, the red-crowned crane Grus japonensis, the common crane G-grus and the hooded crane G-monacha
O. Hasegawa et al., Variation of mitochondrial control region sequences in three crane species, the red-crowned crane Grus japonensis, the common crane G-grus and the hooded crane G-monacha, ZOOL SCI, 16(4), 1999, pp. 685-692
Entire nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial control region was obtained
for the red-crowned crane Grus japonensis and two closely related species,
the common crane G. grus and the hooded crane G. monacha. Control regions
of these crane species could be divided into three subdomains (I, II, III)
by incidence of sequence variation. The central domain II was well conserve
d with C, D and F sequence motifs, while both flanking domains were variabl
e, with greater base substitution in 5' domain I than 3' domain III with CS
B-1 motif. In addition, a 51 base-pair (bp) sequence was found to be delete
d in the 5' portion of domain I in G. grus and G. monacha compared with the
domain I sequence of G. japonensis. Comparison of 418 bp sequence in varia
ble 5' portion spanning domain I and 5' part of domain II among 29 individu
als of G. japonensis including 14 from the East Asia mainland population an
d 15 from the Japan's endangered Hokkaido island population revealed seven
haplotypes in the former and only two haplotypes in the latter. Small numbe
r of haplotypes in the Hokkaido population suggested less genetic variation
than in the mainland population, possibly reflecting a "bottleneck" effect
. Although the two studied populations shared no common haplotypes, they ar
e likely to belong to a common lineage because of no independent branch of
each population on the parsimony network and neighbor-joining tree.