Calibration methods for complex second-order data

In this paper, different three-way methods are tested for their power and s hortcomings to solve complex second-order calibration problems. The generic calibration problem is quantifying for an analyte in the presence of an un known interferent: a second-order calibration problem. Due to rank restrict ions of the data, standard second-order calibration methods like Generalize d Rank Annihilation cannot be used to solve the type of complex second-orde r calibration problems shown in this paper. Different real examples are tes ted in which it is shown that the three-way methods can, to a certain exten t, deal with the complex calibrations. This stresses the fact that all seco nd-order calibration methods should be regarded as three-way methods, and w hen put in this framework, can be compared with respect to their performanc e. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.