Vicarious calibration of the Moderate-Resolution Imaging SpectroradiometerAirborne Simulator thermal-infrared channels

We made an experimental vicarious calibration of the Moderate Resolution im aging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Airborne Simulator (MAS) thermal infrared ( TIR) channel data acquired in the field campaign near Mono Lake, Calif. on 10 March 1998 to demonstrate the advantage of using high-elevation sites in dry atmospheric conditions for vicarious calibration. With three lake-surf ace sites and one snow-field site, we estimated the MAS noise-equivalent te mperature difference as 0.7-1.0 degrees C for bands 30-32 in the 3.68-4.13- mu m region and 0.1-0.5 degrees C for bands 42, 45, 46, and 48 in the 8-13. 5-mu m region. This study shows that the MAS calibration error is within +/ -0.4 degrees C in the split-window channels (at 11 and 12 mu m) and larger in other TIR channels based on the MAS data over Mono Lake and in situ meas urement data over the snow-field site. (C) 1999 Optical Society of America.