The effect of calcium on mammary epithelial cell proliferation and the plasminogen activating system

The objectives of this study were to examine 1) the effect of extracellular calcium on proliferation of bovine mammary epithelial cells, 2) whether ex tracellular calcium regulates the mitogenic effect of insulin-like growth f actor (IGF-I) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) towards mammary epithelial cells, and 3) whether the effects of calcium on growth are mediated through changes in the plasminogen activating system. The BME-UV1 cells were used as a model system. Results showed that optimal proliferation of BME-UV1 cel ls grown in the presence of 10% dialyzed FBCS was achieved when the culture medium was supplemented with 1-2 mmol L-1 of extracellular Ca2+. IGF-I (P< 0.01) but not EGF, increased proliferation of BME-UV1 cells. Furthermore, c alcium does not regulate IGF-I and EGF responsiveness of BME-UV1 cells. Nor thern blot analysis was performed to examine the effect of extracellular ca lcium on expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA), PA inhi bitor 1 (PAI-1) and u-PA receptor (u-PAR) genes by BME-UV1 cells in culture . Results showed that calcium increased expression of all above-mentioned g enes after 24 h of exposure of cells to calcium, at a time that the effect of calcium on growth was not apparent. Calcium had no effect on u-PA and u- PAR expression after 48 and 72 h of exposure of cells to calcium, at a time that the effect of calcium on growth was predominant. Calcium caused a sma ll increase of PAI-1 expression after 48 and 72 h but this small increase i s apparently of limited biological value.