A study on die wear model considering thermal softening (II): Application of the suggested wear model

In bulk metal forming processes, the prediction of tool Life is very import ant to save production cost and achieve good quality of finished products. Generally, the service lives of tools in metal forming processes are limite d to a large extent by wear, fracture and plastic deformation of the tools, etc. In hot-and-warm forging processes, amongst these factors, the tool Li ves depend on wear in over 70% of cases. In this study, finite-element anal yses are applied to warm-forging processes by adopting the wear model sugge sted in a companion paper. Finally, the proposed wear model is verified by comparisons between simulation and the actual profiles of worn dies. (C) 19 99 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.