Conjugates prepared by immobilizing thiol-terminated oligonucleotides onto
gold nanoparticles form stable colloidal solutions in aqueous media. The ol
igonucleotides can serve as linkers to organize the gold particles reversib
ly into three dimensional assemblies, and the gold particles can function a
s colorimetric reporters for hybridization of the bound oligomers with targ
et oligonucleotides in solution.