Thermal ecology of the Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti): effects ofnest-site selection on adults and chicks survival

In this work we assessed the thermal differences between two nesting condit ions (dirt and rocks) utilized by the Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldt i, Meyen). We also evaluate the thermal effects of these nesting sites on t he body temperature and survival of adults and chicks. Results indicate tha t during spring and summer caves built in dirt attain higher temperatures t han those built amidst rocks. Adults using warmer caves exhibited a signifi cant increase in body temperature. On the other hand, chicks born in these caves attain regulation of body temperature faster, and have lower mortalit y rates.