Role of Fas-Fas ligand interactions in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(TCDD)-induced immunotoxicity: Increased resistance of thymocytes from Fas-deficient (Ipr) and Fas ligand-defective (gld) mice to TCDD-induced toxicity
Ab. Kamath et al., Role of Fas-Fas ligand interactions in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(TCDD)-induced immunotoxicity: Increased resistance of thymocytes from Fas-deficient (Ipr) and Fas ligand-defective (gld) mice to TCDD-induced toxicity, TOX APPL PH, 160(2), 1999, pp. 141-155
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a highly toxic environmental
pollutant well known for its toxicity to the thymus. Recent studies from ou
r laboratory demonstrated that TCDD induces apoptosis in thymocytes. In the
current study, we investigated the mechanism of TCDD-induced apoptosis. Ad
ministration of a single dose of TCDD at 0.1, 1, 5, and 50 mu g/kg body wt
intraperitoneally, into C57BL/6 +/+ (wild-type) mice caused a dose-dependen
t decrease in thymic cellularity. In contrast, a similar treatment with TCD
D, in Fas-deficient C57BL/6 lpr/lpr (lpr) or Fas-ligand defective C57BL/6 g
ld/gld (gld), mice failed to induce thymic atrophy at 0.1-5 mu g/kg body wt
of TCDD, In lpr and gld mice, significant thymic atrophy was seen only at
50 mu g/kg body wt of TCDD. Injection of TCDD caused apoptosis only in wild
-type but not in lpr or gld mice. The sera from TCDD-treated wild-type mice
exhibited increased levels of soluble Fas ligand, inasmuch as incubation o
f Fas(+), but not Fas(-) cells with the sera, triggered apoptosis. Also, TC
DD-induced apoptosis in thymocytes was inhibited both in vitro and in vivo
by caspase inhibitors. TCDD treatment caused significant up-regulation in t
he expression of Fast but not Fas mRNA in the thymocytes of wild-type mice.
Also, such thymocytes exhibited marked alterations in the surface markers,
characteristic of cells undergoing apoptosis. In contrast, TCDD treatment
caused minimal phenotypic changes in thymocytes from lpr and gld mice. Toge
ther, the current study demonstrates that Fas-Fas ligand interactions play
an important role in TCDD-mediated induction of apoptosis and immunotoxicit
y. (C) 1999 Academic Press.