The purpose of this paper is to classify invariant hypercomplex struct
ures on a 4-dimensional real Lie group G. It is shown that the 4-dimen
sional simply connected Lie groups which admit invariant hypercomplex
structures are the additive group H of the quaternions, the multiplica
tive group H of nonzero quaternions, the solvable Lie groups acting s
imply transitively on the real and complex hyperbolic spaces, RH4 and
CH2, respectively, and the semidirect product C times sign with bar co
nnected to right of it C. We show that the spaces CH2 and C times sign
with bar connected to right of it C possess an RP2 of (inequivalent)
invariant hypercomplex structures while the remaining groups have only
one, up to equivalence. Finally, the corresponding hyperhermitian 4-m
anifolds are determined.