Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma: a versatile metabolic regulator

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma) is a nucl ear receptor that controls the expression of a large array of genes involve d in adipocyte differentiation, lipid storage and insulin sensitization. PP AR gamma is bound and activated by prostaglandin J2 and fatty acid derivati ves, which are its natural ligands. In addition, thiazolidinediones and non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are synthetic ligands and agonists of thi s receptor. Several studies have recently shown that this nuclear receptor has a role expanding beyond metabolism (diabetes and obesity) with function s in cell cycle control, carcinogenesis, inflammation and atherosclerosis; This review addresses the role of PPAR gamma in these processes.